《植物生理学报》 2014, 50(8): 1171-1176

不同干旱胁迫对山葡萄的光合作用和光系统II活性的影响

王振兴¹, 陈丽², 艾军^1,*, 刘迎雪¹, 何伟¹, 许培磊¹, 秦红艳¹, 赵滢¹

¹中国农业科学院特产研究所, 长春130112; ²吉林农业大学, 长春130112

通信作者：艾军；E-mail: aijun1005@163.com；Tel: 0431-81919827

摘　要：

以山葡萄品种中抗性较强的‘左山一’和抗性较弱的‘双丰’品种为材料, 利用气体交换分析和叶绿素荧光诱导动力学分析手段, 研究了干旱胁迫对不同抗性山葡萄品种的光合作用和PSII活性的影响。结果显示, 2种山葡萄叶片的净光合速率均随着干旱胁迫的加重而下降, 并且细胞间隙CO₂浓度升高, 证明非气孔限制是干旱胁迫造成山葡萄光合速率下降的主要原因。JIP-test分析发现, 干旱胁迫导致‘双丰’叶片相对荧光诱导动力学曲线中J点和I点相对可变荧光上升, 同时出现了明显的K点, ‘左山一’叶片的相对荧光诱导动力学曲线没有明显变化, 说明干旱胁迫对‘双丰’叶片PSII电子供体侧和受体侧造成的伤害要显著大于对‘左山一’叶片的伤害, 且干旱胁迫对‘双丰’叶片的最大光化学效率(F_v/F_m)、吸收光能为基础的光化学性能指数(PI_ABS)、单位面积有活性反应中心的密度(RS/CS)及单位面积用于电子传递的光能(ET_o/CS)的改变幅度显著大于‘左山一’。干旱胁迫通过干扰山葡萄叶片PSII电子供体侧、受体侧以及电子传递链的功能, 严重的伤害了叶片光合机构的正常功能。干旱胁迫对抗旱性较强的‘左山一’PSII活性的影响显著小于对抗旱性较弱的‘双丰’葡萄。

关键词：山葡萄; 光合作用; JIP-test; 干旱胁迫; 光系统II活性

收稿：2014-04-14   修定：2014-07-09

资助：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(nycytx-30-01)和吉林省科技发展项目(20140101152JC)。

Effects of Different Drought Stress on Photosynthesis and Activity of Photosystem II in Leaves of Amur Grape (Vitis amurensis)

WANG Zhen-Xing¹, CHEN Li², AI Jun^1,*, LIU Ying-Xue¹, HE Wei¹, XU Pei-Lei¹, QIN Hong-Yan¹, ZHAO Ying¹

¹Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China; ²Jilin Agricutural University, Changchun 130112, China

Corresponding author: AI Jun; E-mail: aijun1005@163.com; Tel: 0431-81919827

Abstract:

The effects of drought stress on photosynthesis and photosynthetic activities of photosystem II (PS II) in leaves of amur grape (‘Zuoshanyi’, a cultivar with higher drought resistance, and ‘Shuangfeng’, a cultivar with lower drought resistance) were studied using gas exchange analysis and JIP-test analysis. The results showed that the significant decrease in P_n was associated with the increasing intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i) as stress developed, suggesting that the reduction of P_n was mainly caused by non-stomatal limitation. Analysis of JIP-test showed that the J and I steps at the relative variable fluorescence kinetics were increased by drought stress, the appearance of the K peak was also observed in ‘Shuangfeng’, while the relative variable fluorescence kinetics of ‘Zuoshanyi’ had no significant change. It indicated that the drought damaged severely donor side and acceptor side of ‘Shuangfeng’. Maximal quantum of PSII photochemistry (F_v/F_m), the performance index (PI_ABS), and phenomenological energy fluxes for RS/CS, ET_o/CS had changed as stress developed, while the change range of ‘Shuangfeng’ were much more than that of ‘Zuoshanyi’. Drought stress damaged severely function of photosynthetic apparatus through interfering these functions of donor side, acceptor side and electron transport chain in PSII. There were cultivar differences in the response of PSII activity to drought, the photosynthetic apparatus of ‘Zuoshanyi’ cultivar was more resistant to drought than that of ‘Shuangfeng’.

Key words: amur grape (Vitis amurensis); photosynthesis; JIP-test; drought stress; activity of PSII